Lijian Cefazolin Sodium for Injection

1. Indications and Usage
Therapeutic Use: Treatment of moderate to severe infections caused by susceptible strains of bacteria, including respiratory tract, urinary tract, skin, bone and joint, and cardiovascular system infections (e.g., infective endocarditis).
Prophylactic Use: Preoperative prophylaxis for surgery to reduce the risk of postoperative infection.
2. Dosage and Administration
Adults: The typical dosage is 0.5–1 g administered every 6–12 hours. For severe infections, the total daily dose may be increased.
Pediatrics: Dosage is determined based on the child’s weight and the severity of the infection.
Renal Impairment: Dosage and frequency must be adjusted according to the creatinine clearance (Clcr). For example, if Clcr is 20–50 mL/min, 0.5 g every 8 hours is recommended.
Administration: Can be administered via intramuscular injection, slow intravenous injection, or intravenous infusion.
3. Mechanism of Action
Cell Wall Inhibition: Cefazolin is a bactericidal agent that inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis by binding to penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs).
Spectrum: It demonstrates enhanced activity against gram-positive bacteria and moderate activity against certain gram-negative bacteria.
4. Safety and Warnings
Hypersensitivity: Cefazolin should not be used in patients with a history of immediate hypersensitivity reactions to cephalosporins.
Renal Toxicity: Caution is required in patients with renal impairment, and dosage adjustment is mandatory to prevent toxicity.
Coagulation: Cephalosporins may interfere with vitamin K metabolism, potentially increasing the risk of bleeding.
CNS Effects: In patients with renal failure, high doses may lead to central nervous system toxicity.
5. Adverse Reactions and Clinical Research
Common: Pain at the injection site, transient elevation of liver enzymes, and mild gastrointestinal distress.
Serious: Severe hypersensitivity reactions (including anaphylaxis), pseudomembranous colitis, and acute renal failure.
Clinical Research: Pivotal clinical trials have demonstrated high efficacy and safety in treating community-acquired surgical and medical infections.
6. Drug Interactions
Probenecid: Can delay the renal excretion of cefazolin, increasing blood concentrations and half-life.
Aminoglycosides: Concomitant use may enhance the risk of nephrotoxicity.
Loop Diuretics: May increase the potential for kidney damage when used with cefazolin.
7. Pharmaceutical Information
Active Ingredient: Cefazolin Sodium.
Excipients: Sodium acetate and/or acetic acid.
Appearance: White or yellowish-white lyophilized powder or crystals.
Storage: Store in a well-closed container, protected from light and moisture.