Zhiruo Palonosetron Hydrochloride Injection

1. Indications and Usage
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting (CINV): Prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with initially emetogenic chemotherapy.
Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting (PONV): Prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting.
2. Dosage and Administration
Recommended Dose: For CINV, 0.25 mg administered intravenously approximately 30 minutes before chemotherapy.
Administration: The injection time should be at least 30 seconds. It can be administered through the same intravenous line as other medications, provided compatibility exists.
Duration: A single dose is typically sufficient due to its prolonged half-life.
3. Mechanism of Action
Target: Selective antagonist of serotonin 5-HT3 receptors.
Action: Blocks the activation of vagal nerve terminals and central nervous system receptors by serotonin, inhibiting the emetic reflex.
4. Safety and Warnings
Cardiac Risks: Like other 5-HT3 receptor antagonists, there is a potential risk of QTc prolongation and torsades de pointes.
Hypersensitivity: Serious hypersensitivity reactions, including anaphylaxis, have been reported.
Serotonin Syndrome: Concomitant use with other serotonergic drugs may precipitate serotonin syndrome.
5. Adverse Reactions
CINV: Common adverse reactions include headache, constipation, and dizziness.
PONV: Common adverse reactions include headache and constipation.
Clinical Research: Clinical trials have demonstrated superior efficacy in preventing delayed CINV compared to first-generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonists.
6. Drug Interactions
CYP3A4 Inhibitors: Drugs that inhibit CYP3A4 (e.g., ketoconazole, erythromycin) may increase plasma concentrations of palonosetron.
QTc-Prolonging Agents: Concomitant use with other drugs known to prolong the QTc interval should be approached with caution.
Serotonergic Agents: Concomitant use may increase the risk of serotonin syndrome.
7. Pharmaceutical Information
Composition: The active ingredient is palonosetron hydrochloride.
Appearance: A clear, colorless liquid.
Storage: Store at controlled room temperature, protected from light.